Ordinance 2375that:
CITY OF ALAMEDA ORDINANCE NO. 2375
New Series
AMENDING ARTICLE 4C AND RELATED SECTIONS OF
CHAPTER 1, TITLE XI (ZONING) OF THE MUNICIPAL CODE
RELATING TO OFF-STREET PARKING REGULATIONS
BE IT ORDAINED by the Council of the City of Alameda
SECTION 1. The Alameda Municipal Code is hereby amended
by amending Sections 11-14C1 through 11-14C14 to read:
Article 4-C. Off-Street Parking and Loading
Space Regulations
Sec. 11-14C1. INTENT. The following off-street parking
and loading requirements are established in order to achieve,
among others, the following purposes:
To relieve congestion on streets, and to provide more
fully for movement of traffic, maneuvering of emergency
vehicles or street maintenance equipment;
To protect neighborhoods from parking and vehicular
traffic congestion generated by the adjacent
non-residential districts;
To promote the general welfare and convenience and pros-
perity of residential, commercial and manufacturing
developments which depend upon the availability of
off-street parking facilities.
Sec. 11-14C2. ACCESSORY PARKING SPACES REQUIRED.
Accessory off-street parking spaces (including access
driveways) shall be provided in accordance with the schedule in
Section 11-14C5 as a condition precedent to the occupancy of any
use, and in conformance with other provisions of the Chapter:
(a) For all new buildings;
(b) For all dwelling units added to existing buildings;
(c) For any expansion of existing non-residential buildings,
which in any 10 year period would either, (i) be more
than 25% of the existing gross floor area, or (ii)
require 5 or more additional parking spaces as determined
by the provisions of Sections 11-14C4 and 11-14C5;
Revised 5/20/88
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(d) For any change of use, number of employees, or seating
capacity of any existing building less than 10 years old
which is changed in a manner that would require 20%, or 5
or more, additional off-street parking spaces as
determined by the provisions of Sections 11-14C4 and
11-14C5;
(e) For any change from residential to non-residential use.
When changes of use or building expansions require
additional parking, the total amount of parking required for the
site shall be reduced by the amount of parking required by
Sections 11-14C4 and 11-14C5, but legally not previously
provided, for the prior use.
Sec. 11-14C3. CONTINUATION OF OFF-STREET PARKING
SPACES. All off-street parking spaces and associated
improvements required by Article 4-C shall continue unobstructed
in operation, in good condition, for functioning vehicles and
shall not be reduced below the required size or number, as long
as the main use remains, unless an equivalent number of spaces
and landscaping is provided for said use in another location
which complies with all of the requirements of this chapter, or
except as provided by Section 11-14c14.
Sec. 11-14C3.1. INCREASING NONCONFORMING OFF-STREET
PARKING. When the number of existing off-street parking spaces
is less than that required by Section 11-14C5, new spaces may be
added even if the sum of existing parking plus proposed parking
is less than that required by Section 11-14C5, provided the new
parking meets all other requirements of the Municipal Code.
Sec. 11-14C4. MEASUREMENT STANDARDS. For the purpose
of determining accessory off-street parking requirements, defi-
nitions and standards shall be as follows:
(a) Floor Area. The total area of all the floors measured
from the exterior faces of the building, including
hallways, interior and exterior stairways, storage rooms,
etc. Unless otherwise specified by this chapter,
unroofed storage and/or sales areas shall for the
purposes of calculating parking requirements be converted
to floor area at a ratio of 5 square feet of unenclosed
area to 1 square foot of floor area. Roofed storage
and/or sales areas shall be treated as buildings for the
purpose of calculating floor area.
(b) Fractional Measurements. When units or measurements
determining the number of required off-street parking and
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off - street loading spaces result in a requirement of a
fractional space, any fraction up to and including
one -half (1/2) shall be disregarded, and fractions over
one -half (1/2) shall require one off - street parking or
loading space.
Sec. 11 -14C5. SCHEDULE OF REQUIRED MINIMUM OFF - STREET
PARKING SPACE.
(a) Residential Uses:
(1) Studio unit
(2) One and two bedroom units
(3) Three or more bedroom
units
(4) Senior housing (see
definition for
restrictions)
(5) Rooming house /bed &
breakfast
(6) Hotel /Motel
(7) Residential care
facility
1 1/2 spaces per dwelling unit
1 3/4 spaces per dwelling unit
2 spaces per dwelling unit
3/4 space per dwelling unit; A
lower requirement may be
approved by the Planning Board
by the Permit if lower parking
demand can be demonstrated.
1 space per guest room plus
1 space for resident family
1.25 spaces per guest
room plus one space for
resident manager
1 space per 3 beds plus one
space for resident manager
(b) Institutions and Places of Assembly
(1)
(2)
Libraries, museums,
art galleries
Churches, theaters,
auditoriums, lodge halls
and mortuaries
(3) Bowling alley
(4) Night clubs, dance halls
(5) Public buildings,
municipal and
educational
(6) Child care facilities,
including family day care
(7) Skating rinks and
swimming pools
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1 space per 500 square
feet of floor area
1 space per 200 square
feet of floor area in
residential zones; 1 space
per 300 square feet of floor
area in the C -1 and C -2
zones; 1 space per 350 square
feet in the C -M, M -1 and
M -2 zones.
1 1/2 spaces per lane
1 space per 100 square feet
1 space per 300 square feet,
plus adequate space for
visitors as determined by the
Planning Director
1 space per 600 square feet
1 space per 50 square feet
of skating or water area.
(c) Commercial /Office Uses
(1) Marinas
(2) General retail, office,
restaurant, minor
repair & service,
doctor and dentist
offices
1 space per 2 boat berths,
except that live- aboard
berths shall require 1 space
per 1 boat berth.
1 space per 200 square feet
of ground floor area; 1
space per 400 square feet of
upper floor space including
mezzanines.
(d) Manufacturing and Industrial Uses
(1) Warehouse, storage 1 space per 1500 sq. ft.
(2) Manufacturing, major 1 space per 800 square feet
(e) Similar Uses
Uses not specified above shall utilize the same rates as
the most similar uses specified above. Uses not
specified above and distinctly different from the above
uses shall utilize a rate determined by the Planning
Director based on demonstrated demand for comparable
facilities. Where distinctly different uses are combined
in a single project, the parking requirement for each use
shall be calculated separately, then combined for a total
parking requirement for the project. Uses ancillary to a
primary use shall utilize the same rate as the primary
use.
Sec. 11 -14C6. SEPARATE OR COMBINED USE OF FACILITIES.
Required parking may be shared between two or more uses
subject to the following standard conditions:
(1) The shared parking facilities shall have sufficient
spaces to meet the accumulated peak demand, as
determined by the Planning Director.
(2) The shared parking facilities shall be permanently
available to all affected uses.
(3)
The shared parking facilities shall be within 400
feet, by the shortest walking route, of the parcels
with uses which generate the parking demand.
(4) An agreement between the affected parties,
including the City of Alameda, in a form approved
by the City Attorney, shall be entered into and
recorded to constitute a covenant running with all
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(a)
affected parcels of land, specifying the terms of
use of the shared parking facilities.
Sec. 11 -14C7. LOCATION OF PARKING SPACES.
All parking, whether required or in excess of that
required by Article 4 -6, shall be provided on the same
parcel as the use which is generating the parking demand,
except as provided by Section 11-14C6, and subject to the
following additional requirements.
Residential Zones:
1. No parking space is permitted in any required
front yard, or in any required side yard on the
street side of any corner lot.
2. Unenclosed parking spaces are only permitted upon
the front one -half (1/2) of a lot when: (a) a
landscape area of at least five (5) feet in width
is provided between parking areas and any main or
accessory building(s); and (b) a wall or fence
of not less than three (3) feet in height is
provided along the sides and front of such
parking facility excluding any driveway entrances
of not greater than 12 feet in width.
3. See Section 11- 14A6(b) for additional provisions
related to the location of garages.
(b) Non - residential Zones. Parking spaces may be located
between the main building(s) and the street frontage(s).
Any parking which is adjacent to a public street or
sidewalk shall be separated from the public street or
sidewalk by an adequately landscaped area of not less than
5 feet.
(c) Non - residential Parking in Residential Zones. Parking for
uses not allowed in a residential zone shall not be
located in that residential zone.
Sec. 11 -14C8. PARKING DIMENSIONS AND ACCESS.
(a) Regular Space. At least 50% of the required parking
spaces shall be not less than 8 1/2 feet wide by 18 feet
long exclusive of access driveways and backup areas. The
parking space length shall be increased to 21 feet for
parallel spaces. Trees, bollards, poles or other
obstruction shall not encroach into these dimensions.
(b) Compact Spaces. A maximum of 50% of the required parking
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spaces may be compact car spaces, at least 7 1/2 feet wide
by 15 feet long. All compact spaces shall be clearly
marked "COMPACT." The parking space length shall be
increased to 18 feet for parallel spaces. Trees,
bollards, poles, or other obstructions shall not encroach
into these dimensions.
(c) Vertical Clearance. All required parking backup and
driveway access areas shall have a minimum vertical
clearance of 7 feet, except handicap parking and access
areas, which shall have 8 foot, 2 inch clearance.
(d) Landscaping.
(1) Unenclosed parking next to walls of adjacent
buildings, fences, buildings or property lines shall
be separated from such structures or property lines
by a minimum of 3 feet of landscaped area, except for
areas needed for automobile and pedestrian
circulation. Backup areas and driveways shall have a
minimum of 1 foot of landscaped separation from
walls, fences, buildings or property lines. Any
unenclosed parking adjacent to a public street or
sidewalk shall be separated from the public street or
sidewalk by a minimum of 5 feet of landscaped area.
(2) There shall be a minimum average of 1 tree for every
4 parking spaces, except in parking structures, with
the exact locations and extent to which trees are
clustered determined through Design Review. The
intent is to create a tree canopy throughout the
parking lot, not just at the periphery.
(3) All landscaped areas shall have an adequate
irrigation system.
(4) The parking space lengths specified in subsection (a)
and (b) above may for non - parallel spaces be reduced
by up to 1 1 \2 feet if a curb or bumper stop and
additional landscaping under 6 inches high is
installed in the area so reduced.
(5) Open parking in the front one -half of a residential
lot shall be screened as required by Section
11- 14C7(a).
(e) Tandem Parking. Tandem parking is only permitted to
satisfy parking requirements for residential uses in
which the tandem spaces serve the same unit.
(f) Driveways.
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(g)
(1) Driveway widths for new driveways shall be based on
the number of parking spaces served:
(a) Less than 25 spaces: 8 1/2 feet minimum;
(b) 25 or more spaces: 20 feet minimum, and
25 feet maximum, using one or two driveways
(2) The centerline of an access driveway where it
connects to a street shall be at least 35 feet from
the nearest street right-of-way line of an
intersection, unless otherwise permitted by the
Engineering and Planning Departments.
(3) New developments may utilize existing driveways of
non-conforming width with approval of the Planning
Director.
(4) Residential developments shall have only one
driveway per parcel per frontage, unless otherwise
permitted by the Public Works and Planning
Directors.
Handicapped Parking. Handicapped parking spaces shall be
14 feet wide x 18 feet for single spaces, or 23 feet
wide x 18 feet deep for two spaces with a common loading
area.
(h) Ingress and Egress. Parking areas with 5 or fewer spaces
may be designed for vehicles to back out onto the street.
All other parking areas shall be designed for vehicles to
enter and exit in a forward direction, except that the
Engineering Department may waive this requirement based
on street traffic volumes.
(i)
(j)
Design Review. All parking lot improvements visible from
any public right-of-way, including parking lot fencing
and landscaping, shall require Design Review under
Section 11-231, et. seq.
Backup Area. Minimum backup areas for required parking
spaces shall be as listed below. When standard and
compact spaces share the same backup area, the backup
depth for standard spaces shall be utilized.
Backup Area Depth
Angle of Parking Standard Compact Residential
90 24' 23' 21'
70 19' 18' 16'
60 18' 17' 16'
50 15° 14' 13'
45 13' 12' 11'
40 12' 11' 11'
30 12° 11' 11'
Parallel 11' 11' 11'
(a)
SEC. 11-14C9. SURFACE IMPROVEMENTS OF PARKING AREAS.
All required parking areas and access driveways shall
have a smoothly graded, stabilized, all weather and
dustless surface with adequate drainage so that injury
will not be caused to adjacent properties, nor will such
water drain across a public walk. Appropriate bumper
guards or curbs shall be provided, where needed, in order
to define parking spaces or limits of paved areas.
Sec. 11-14C10. ILLUMINATION OF PARKING AREAS. Parking
areas shall be adequately illuminated whenever necessary to
protect the public safety. Such illumination shall be so
designed and located that light sources are shielded from
adjoining properties and shall not be of excessive brightness or
cause a glare hazardous to pedestrians or auto drivers.
Sec. 11-14C11. OFF-STREET LOADING SPACE. Every
non-residential building hereafter erected, except office
buildings, shall have one (1) permanently maintained loading
space of not less than ten (10) feet width, forty (40) feet
length and fourteen (14) feet vertical clearance for each such
building in excess of 12,500 square feet, unless exempted by the
Planning Director.
Sec. 11-14C12. REDUCTIONS IN PARKING REQUIREMENTS. The
schedule of required minimum off-street parking provided by
Section 11-14C5 may be reduced, upon approval of the Planning
Board, if the applicant can demonstrate that parking demand will
be reduced for the life of the project through one or more of the
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following methods:
(a) Transportation Systems Management techniques such as
employees subsidies for public transit, employee
subsidies for car and van pools, employer sponsored and
organized car and van pools, free transit passes for
shoppers in retail project, etc. To qualify for a
parking reduction, the applicant must enter into an
Agreement with the City which includes monitoring and
enforcement provisions as approved by the Planning Board.
Improvement of bus stops, including providing bus
shelters, benches, turnout areas, etc.
Payment to the City of in-lieu fees, equal to the current
estimated per square foot value of the land, multiplied
by the difference between the number of required and
provided parking spaces, multiplied by 250. In lieu fees
shall only be allowed where the City can identify
appropriate uses for the funds reasonably related to the
project. Appropriate uses shall include but not be
limited to acquisition of land for parking, construction
of new parking facilities, improvements to existing
off-street or on-street parking facilities including
landscaping, installation of bicycle lanes and paths, and
installation of bicycle racks and lockers. Funds raised
by in-lieu payments shall not be used for routine
maintenance.
Sec. 11-14C13. BICYCLE, MOTORCYCLE AND PEDESTRIAN
FACILITIES.
(a) Secure bicycle racks and/or storage lockers shall be
provided wherever parking is required, at the rate of one
space for every ten parking spaces.
(b) Pedestrian walkways which cross non-residential parking
or driveway areas shall be clearly marked through the use
of enhanced paving materials such as brick, baumanite, or
interlocking pavers.
(c) Parking lots shall have substantially separate pedestrian
and automobile circulation systems, to the maximum extent
feasible, as determined through Design Review.
Sec. 11-14C14. REDUCTION IN PARKING REQUIREMENTS
FOR EXISTING FACILITIES.
One parking space per parcel serving existing facilities
may be eliminated under the following circumstances:
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(a) The electrical service for the facility is converted from
overhead to underground service, and both the planning
Director and the Bureau of Electricity determine the best
location for the required pedestal-mounted transformer
requires the removal of a parking space; or
(b) Recycling bins are proposed for existing facilities and
the Planning Director determines the best location
requires removal of a parking space.
Sec. 11-1234. "PARKING LOT". An area of land which is
accessible and usable for the off-street parking of motor
vehicles.
Sec. 11-1234.5 "PARKING, TANDEM". Any parking space
which partially or wholly occupies the driveway or backup area
for another parking space.
Sec. 11-1235. "PARKING SPACE". An area designed for
the parking of a single motor vehicle, conforming to the
requirements of this chapter.
Sec. 11-1235.5 "PARKING, UNENCLOSED". Any parking
space with or without a roof which is less than 75 percent
enclosed by walls.
Sec. 11-1236(a). "SENIOR HOUSING". A residential unit
reserved for households where at least one member of the
household is over 62 years of age. A deed restriction
permanently limiting occupancy to such senior households, in a
form acceptable to the Planning Director and City Attorney, shall
be recorded for the property with the County Assessor's office.
SECTION 2. This Ordinance shall be in full force and
effect from and after the expiration of thirty (30) days from the
date of its final passage.
Attest:
)
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ity scaerk
Presiding Officer of the Council
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I, the undersigned, hereby certify that the foregoing
Ordinance was duly and regularly adopted and passed by
the Council of the City of Alameda in regular meeting
assembled on the 1st of March, 1988,
by the following vote to wit:
AYES: Councilmembers Camicia, Monsef and Thomas - 3.
NOES: Councilmember Haugner - 1.
ABSENT: None.
ABSTENTIONS: Mayor Corica - 1.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand and
affixed the official seal of said City this 2nd day of
March, 1988.
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City,Cilerk of the City of—Alameda
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