Ordinance 2731CITY OF ALEDA ORDINANCE NO. 2731
New Series
AMENDING THE ALEDA MUICIPAL CODE
BY ADDING SECTION 4-
(SATURDAY NIGHT SPECIAL/JUK GUN SALES PROHIBITION)
TO ARTICLE V (FIREARS AND EXPLOSIVES) ,
OF CHAPTER IV (OFFENSES AND PUBLIC SAFETY), THEREOF,
PROHIBITING SALE OF SATURDAY NIGHT SPECIALS
ALSO KNOWN AS "JUK GUNS"
WHEREAS, Saturday Night Specials, also known as "junkguns, II are poorly constructed, and not sui table for or readily
adaptable to sporting purposes; and
WHEREAS, Saturday Night Specials are small and light
making them easy to conceal, and present a threat to the public
welfare and law enforcement officers; and
WHEREAS, according to the Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco andFirearms, eight of the ten firearms most frequently traced
nationally to crime scenes in 1995 were Saturday Night Specials
and
WHEREAS, according to a Uni versi ty of California Davis
Violence Prevention Research Program, Saturday Night Specials are
times more likely to be involved in crimes as are other
firearms i and
WHEREAS, gunshot fatalities and care of gunshot victims
in California cost $703 million in direct medical costs in 1993
alone i and
WHEREAS, there are more than twice as many gun dealers as
public schools in California; and
WHEREAS, the Federal Government has already prohibited
the importation of foreign manufactured Saturday Night Specials
and
WHEREAS, numerous public leaders and law enforcementoff icials have supported a ban on Saturday Night Specials; and
WHEREAS, the City Council finds that , in recent years,firearm manufacturers have made token modifications to those
handguns commonly known as "Saturday Night Specials," including:
carbon steel breechface inserts, solid steel barrel tubes; a
greater number of steel linings incorporated in soft castings. The
modifications have resulted in no advancement, or only marginal, advancement, in the durability of the handguns; and
WHEREAS, the City Council finds that , in recent years
firearms manufacturers have grafted improvised safety devices onto
the core design of those handguns commonly known as Saturday NightSpecials. These devices include: fragile half -cock hammer notchesin derringers and single-action revolvers; manual pistol slidelocks; rudimentary hammer or trigger locks that act by simple
interference; and crude safety levers; and
WHEREAS, the City Council finds that such cosmetic
remodeling by firearms manufacturers does not ameliorate the coredesign deficiencies of Saturday Night Special handguns. The City
Council further finds that Saturday Night Special handguns continue
to be dangerous products due to their low quality of manufacture
and metallurgy, so as to be unacceptable in commerce; and
WHEREAS, the City Council finds that a firearm s frame
barrel, breechblock cylinder and slide must be completely
fabricated of heat treated carbon steel , forged alloy or other
material of equal or higher tensile strength in order to reliably
contain the weapon s ballistic power. The City Council further
finds that any firearm in which all of these components do not meet
this standard is an inherently unsafe product; and
WHEREAS, the City Council finds that firearms
manufacturers have increased ballistic power of many semi-
automatically pistols by chambering them to fire high pressure
ammunition, yet have not changed the materials used in the firing
chamber, slide or breechface so as to contain the peak pressures
generated by such ballistic power and to prevent parts breakage
from overstress which can result in injury to the user; and
WHEREAS, the City Council finds that the action mechanism
contained in many currently produced derringers and single-action
revolvers is based upon century-old designs, so that chambering
such weapons for high pressure ammunition results in a ballistic
pressure which exceeds the pressure levels the design is originally
intended to withstand; and
WHEREAS, the City Council finds that the Legislature has
not, expressly or impliedly, preempted the areas of firearm sales.
The City Council therefore finds that the subject is within the
scope of the municipal police power of the City of Alameda and the
Ordinance is designated to protect health , safety and general
welfare of the community; and
WHEREAS, the City Council desires to promulgate
regulations which will be applied to all existing and future
handguns intended to be sold in the City of Alameda to determine
whether such handguns are Saturday Night Specials/Junk Gun, the
sale of which would be prohibited.
NOW , THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED by the Council of the City
of Alameda that:
Section 1 The Alameda Municipal Code is hereby amendedby adding section 4-37 (Saturday Night Special/Junk Sales
Prohibition to Article V (Firearms and Explosives, Chapter IV
(Offenses and Public Safety), thereof to read:
37 Saturday Night Special/Junk Gun Sales Prohibition
37.Ti tIe.
This section shall be known as the "City of Alameda
Saturday Night Special/Junk Gun Sales Prohibition" and may be so
ci ted.
37.Purpose and Intent.
The purpose of this section is to ensure the health,
safety, and general welfare of the City of Alameda citizens by
eliminating the sale of cheaply made, inadequately designed and
poorly manufactured handguns in the City of Alameda.
37.Definitions.
Except as provided in Subsection 4 - 3 7.3 herein, the term
II Saturday Night Special , II as used in this section shall mean any ofthe following:a. A pistol, revolver, or firearm capable of being
concealed upon the person, as those terms are defined in the
California Penal Code Section 12001 (a), which contains a frame,barrel, breechblock, cylinder or slide that is not completely
fabricated of heat treated carbon steel, forged alloy or other
material of equal or higher tensile strength.
A semi -automatic pistol which:
(1) is not originally equipped by the manufacturer
wi th a locked-breech action; and
(2 )
permissible breech
as standardized byInstitute.
is chambered for cartridges developing maximum
preisure above 24,100 Copper Units of Pressure
the Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers
(3) For purpose of this subsection (2), "semi-
automatic pistol" shall mean a firearm , as defined in California
Penal Code Section 1200 (b), which is designed to be held and fired
with one hand, and which does the following upon discharge: (i)
fires the cartridge in the chamber; (ii) ejects the fired cartridge
case; and (iii) loads a cartridge from the magazine into thechamber. "Semi-automatic pistol" shall not include any assault
weapons designated in California Penal Code Section 12276.
c. A pistol, revolver, or firearm capable of being
concealed upon the person, as those terms are defined in California
Penal Code Section 12001 (a) which:
(1) uses an action mechanism which is substantially
identical in design to any action mechanism manufactured in or
before 1898 that was originally chambered for rimfire ammunition
developing maximum safe permissible breech pressures below 19,000
Copper Units of Pressure as standardized by the Sporting Arms and
Ammuni tion Manufacturers Institute; and
(2) is chambered to fire either centerfire
ammunition or rimfire ammunition developing maximum permissiblebreech pressures above 19,000 Copper Units of Pressure
standardized by the Sporting Arms and Ammunition ManufacturersInsti tute; and
(3) is not originally equipped by the manufacturer
wi th a nondetachable trigger guard; or
(4) if rimfire, is equipped with a barrel of less
than 20 bore diameters in overall length protruding from the frame.
(5) For purposes of this subsection (c) action
mechanism" shall mean the mechanism of a firearm by which it is
loaded, locked, fired and unloaded commonly known as the cycle ofoperation.
37.Exclusions.
The term II Saturday Night Special" does not include any ofthe following:
other weapon( 7) and ( 8 )
12020; or
Any pistol which is an antique or relic firearm or
falling wi thin the specifications of paragraphs (5),
of subsection (b) of California Penal Code Section
b. Any pistol for which the propelling force is
classified as pneumatic, that is, of, or related to, compressed air
or any other gases not directly produced by combustion; or
Children s pop guns or toys; ord. An "unconventional pistol" as defined in California
nal Code Section 12020 (c) (12); ore. Any pistol which has been modified to either: render
it permanently inoperable, or permanently to make it a devise no
longer classified as a Saturday Night Special.
37.Roster of Saturday Night Specials.
On or before January 1, 1997 , the Chief of Police or
his/her designee shall compile, publish, and thereafter maintain a
Roster of Saturday Night Specials. The Roaster shall list thosefirearms, by manufacturer and model number, which the Chief of
Police or his/her designee determines it the definition of Saturday
Night Special set forth in subsection 4 -37.
37.Notification.
Upon completion of a list of firearms to be placed on the
Roster for the first time, the Police Chief or his/her designeeshall endeavor to send written notification to: (1) the
manufacturer of every firearm on said list; and (2) every dealerwithin the City who is licensed to sell and transfer firearms
pursuant to Section 12071 of the Penal Code of the State of
California and section 4-37 (Saturday Night Special/Junk Gun Sales
Prohibi tion) of the Alameda Municipal Code.
37.Reconsideration by the Chief of Police.a. The Chief of Police, or his/her de?ignee shall
prior to the effective date of this ordinance establish standardsand procedures for the form and content of an application,
conducting an administrative hearing and evaluating evidentiary
testimony relating the decision of the Chief of Police or his/her
designee to classify the firearm in question as a Saturday Night
Special as defined in subsection 4-37.3 of the Alameda Municipal
Code.b. Upon timely filing of one or more complete
applications for reconsideration, the Chief of Police or his/her
designee shall evaluate the evidence submitted by the applicant (s) .The applicant (s) shall have the burden of demonstrating that the
firearm does not constitute a Saturday Night Special within the
meaning of subsection 4 - 3 7.3 of the Alameda Municipal Code.
37.Appeal of Classification.a. If the Chief of Police or his/her designee
determines that the firearm under reconsideration has been properly
classified as a Saturday Night Special, then the applicant (s) shall
have the right to appeal such a decision to the City Manager, and
the applicant (s) shall have the right to a hearing before the City
Manager or his/her designee prior to inclusion of the firearm in
question on the Roster.b. The City Manager, or his/her designee, is authorized
to establish standards and procedures for the form and content ofan appeal, conducting an administrative hearing and evaluating
evidentiary testimony relating the decision of the Chief of Policeor his/her designee to classify the firearm in question as a
Saturday Night Special as defined in subsection 4 - 3 7.3 of the
Alameda Municipal Code.
c. The burden of proof shall be on the appellant (s) to
demonstrate that the firearm does not constitute a Saturday NightSpecial within the meaning of subsection 4-37.3 of the AlamedaMunicipal Code.d. All parties involved shall have the right to offertestimonial, documentary and tangible evidence bearing on the
issues and to be represented by counsel.
e. The City Manager or his/her designee shall hear and
consider all relevant evidence. Upon the conclusion of the
hearing, the City Manager or his/her designee shall, based on the
evidence presented, determine whether the firearm constitutes aSaturday Night Special within the meaning of subsection 4 -37.3 of
the Alameda Municipal Code.f. In all instances, the decision of the City Manager
or his/her designee whether to classify the firearm in question as
Saturday Night Special as defined subsection 4-37.of the
Alameda Municipal Code is final.
37.Publication of the Roster.
The Chief of Police or his/her designee shall place on
the Roster those firearms which have been determined to constitute
a Saturday Night Special wi thin the meaning of subsection 4 -37.3 of
the Alameda Municipal Code. The Chief of Police or his/her
designee shall cause the Roster to be published in the following
manner:a. Notification of the Roster s completion shall be
published at least once in the official newspaper as designated by
the City and circulated in the City within fifteen (15) days after
its completion; andb. copy of the Roster, certified as a true and
correct copy thereof , shall be filed in the office of the City
Clerk of the City of Alameda; andc. copy of the Roster, certified as a true and
correct copy thereof, shall be distributed to every dealer within
the City who is licensed to sell and transfer firearms pursuant to
Section 12071 of the Penal Code of the State of California and
section 4 - 3 6 of the Alameda Municipal Code.
37.Effective Date of Roster.
The Roster shall become effective on the fifteenth day
after its publication.
38.Addi tions to the Ros ter .
Additions to the Roster shall be made in accordance withthe following:
a. Semi-Annual Determination . On a semi-annual basis,
the Chief of Police or his/her designee shall determine the need toplace firearms on the Roster. Upon identifying one or more
firearms as a Saturday Night Special, the City Manager or his/her
designee shall prepare a draft list of the additions to the Roster.
b. Notification of Additions to Roster In the eventthat a draft list of firearms to be added to the Roster
prepared, the Chief of Police or his/her designee shall endeavor to
send written notification in accordance with the aforementioned
provisions of subsection 4-37.
c. Reconsideration of the Chief of Police . Any person
who the Chief of Police or his/her designee notifies pursuant tosubsection (b) above may apply for reconsideration of the
classification of that firearm as a Saturday Night Special inaccordance with the provisions of subsection 4 - 37.
d. Appeal of Classification Whenever a firearm hasbeen determined to be properly classified as a Saturday Night
Special after reconsideration, the applicant may file an appeal to
the City Manager and the City Manager or his/her designee shall
hold a hearing in accordance with the provisions of subsection 4-
37.
e. Additions of Firearms to Roster . After all appeals
have been exhausted, the Chief of Police of his/her designee shallplace on the Roster those additional firearms which have been
determined to constitute a Saturday Night Special within the
meaning of subsection 4 - 3 7.3. The Chief of Police or his/her
designee shall cause the Roster, as amended to include these
additional firearms, to be published in accordance with subsection
37.
f. Effective Date of Additions to the Roster The
addi tion of new firearms to the Roster shall not' operate to
preclude the enforcement of the Roster with respect to firearms
previously listed thereon. The publication of the Roster, as
amended to include new firearms, shall be effective as to those
newly added firearms on the fifteenth day after its publication as
set forth in subsection 4-37.10.
37.Sale 'Crohibi ted.
After January 1 , 1997 , no wholesale or retail firearms
dealer as licensed by the City of Alameda in subsection 4-36.4 of
the Alameda Municipal Code shall sell , offer or display for sale,
give , lend or transfer ownership of , any firearm listed on the
Roster of Saturday Night Specials. This section shall not preclude
wholesale or retail gun decller from processing firearm
transactions between unlicensed parties pursuant to Section 12072(d) of the Penal Code of '-he Stat.of California.
37.Exemptions.
Nothing in this Article relative to the sale of Saturday
Night Specials shall prohibit the disposition of any firearms bysheriffs, constables, marshals, police officers, or other duly
appointed peace officers in the performance of their official
duties, nor to persons who are authorized by the United States
Federal Government for use in the performance of their official
duties; nor shall anything in this section prohibit the use of any
firearm by the above mentioned persons in the performance of their
official duties.
37.Penal ty .
Any person violating any of the provisions of thisArticle shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. Any person convicted
misdemeanor under the provisions of this section shall punishable in accordance with section 1-(Penalty Provisions) of
this Code and by a fine of not more than one thousand ($1000)dollars or by imprisonment for a period not exceeding six (6)
months, or by both such fine and imprisonment. Each such person
shall be guilty of a separate offense for each and every day during
any portion of which any violation of any provision of this section
is committed, continued or permitted by such person and shall be
punishable accordingly. In addition, any person found to be in
violation of this section shall be considered in non-compliance
with the requirements of the City of Alameda Municipal Code section
4 -36 and subj ect to the suspension and or revocation of a Firearms
Dealer Permit.
Section 2 Severability.
This section shall be enforced to the full extent of the
authority of the City. If any section, subsection, paragraph,
sentence or word of this section is deemed to be invalid or beyond
the authority of the City, either on its face or as applied, the
invalidi ty of such provision shall not affect the other sections,subsections, paragraphs, sentences or words of this section and the
applications thereof; and to that end the sections, subsections,
paragraphs, sentences and words of this section shall be deemed
severable.
Section This ordinance shall be in full force and
effect from and after the expiration of thirty (30) days from the
date of its final passage.
Attest:
Deputy City Clerk
I, the undersigned, hereby certify that the foregoing
Ordinance was duly and regularly adopted and passed by the Council
of the City of Alameda in regular meeting assembled on the 6th
day of Auqust , 1996, by the following vote to wit:
AYES:Councilmembers Arnerich, DeWitt , Lucas
and President Appezzato - 4.
NOES:Vice Mayor Mannix - 1.
ABSENT:None.
ABSTENTIONS:None.
IN WITNESS, WHEREOF , I have hereunto set my h nd and affixed the
official seal of said City this 7th day of Auqust , 1996.
Sandee Rabe, Deputy
City of AlameG