Ordinance 2977CITY OF ALAMEDA ORDINANCE NO.
2977
New Series
AMENDING THE ALAMEDAMUNICIPAL CODE BY ADDING
SECTION 4-4 TO ARTICLE (LITTERING AND
MAINTENANCE OF PROPERTY) OF CHAPTER
(OFFENSES AND PUBLIC SAFETY) TO PROHIBIT
POLYSTYRENE FOAM FOOD SERVICE WARE AND
AMENDING SECTION 1-6 OF CHAPTER 1 (GENERAL)
TO AUTHORIZE ADDITIONAL CITY EMPLOYEES TO
SERVE AS CODE ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS
BE IT ORDAINED by the City Council of the City of Alameda that:
Section 1.The Alameda Municipal Code is amended by adding
Section 4-4 (PROHIBITION OF POLYSTYRENE FOAM FOOD SERVICE WARE)
to Article I (LITTERING AND MAINTENANCE OF PROPERTY) of Chapter IV
(OFFENSES AND PUBLIC SAFETY), which shall read as follows:
POLYSTYRENE FOAM FOOD SERVICE WARE
4-4.Title
This section shall be known as the Alameda Polystyrene Foam Food
Service Ware Reduction Law.
2 Purpose and Findings
The City Council finds that polystyrene foam food service ware constitutes a
significant adverse environmental impact. Solid waste that is non-degradable or
non-recyclable poses an acute problem for any program of integrated waste
management. Such waste covers the City s streets , parks , public places , and
open spaces. It clogs storm drains , arch culverts , and catch basins thereby
significantly increasing time and expense to public works maintenance crews
during a storm event. it enters the marine and natural environment and is
damaging to the environment and marine wildlife.
Products which are degradable or recyclable offer environmentally sound
alternatives to non-degradable and non-recyclable products currently used. By
decaying into their constituent substances , degradable products , compared to their
non-degradable equivalents , are less of a danger to the natural environment , less
likely to be a permanent blight on the urban landscape , less likely to engender
storm drainage system maintenance expenses , and less likely to cause flooding
due to clogged storm drains , arch culverts , and catch basins. Recycling of
products reduces costly waste of natural resources and energy used in production
of new products as well as costly disposal of waste in landfills.
Definitions
Affordable " means purchasable by the Food Vendor of a non-polystyrene
form container for the same or less purchase cost than the non-biodegradable
non-compostable alternative.
ASTM Standard" means meeting the standards of the American Society for
Testing and Materials (ASTM) ..International Standards 06400 or 06868 for
biodegradable and compostable plastics.
Biodegradable " means the entire product or package will completely break
down and return to nature , i.e., decompose into elements found in nature within a
reasonably short period of time after customary disposal and is consistent with the
materials accepted at the composting facility used by the City s franchisee for
integrated waste management.
Compostable " means all materials in the product or package will break
down into , or otherwise become part of , usable compost (e., soil-conditioning
material , mulch) in a safe and timely manner consistent with the composting facilty
used by the City s franchisee for integrated waste, management. Compostable
disposable food service ware must meet ASTM standards for compostability and
must be clearly labeled.
City faciliies " means any building, structure or vehicle owned or operated
by the City of Alameda , its agencies , departments and the integrated waste
franchisee that are located within the City of Alameda.
Customer " means any person obtaining prepared food from a restaurant or
retail food vendor.
Disposable food service ware " means all containers , bowls , plates , trays
cartons , cups lids , straws , forks , spoons , knives and other items that are designed
for one-time use and on or in , which any restaurant or retail food vendor directly
places or packages prepared foods or which are used to consume foods. 'This
includes , but is not limited to , service ware for takeout foods and/or leftovers from
partially consumed meals prepared at restaurants or retail food vendors.
Food vendor " means any restaurant or retail food vendor located or
operating within the City of Alameda.
Polystyrene foam means and includes blown polystyrene and expanded
and extruded foams (sometimes called Styrofoam , a Dow Chemical Company
trademarked form of polystyrene foal1 insulation) which are thermoplastic
petrochemical materials utilizing a styrene monomer and processed by any
number of techniques including, but not limited to , fusion of polymer spheres
(expandable bead polystyrene), injection molding, foam molding, and extrusion-
blown molding (extruded foam polystyrene). Polystyrene foam is generally used to
make items such as cups, bowls, plates , trays , clamshell containers , meat trays
and egg cartons.
Prepared food" means food or beverages , which are served , packaged
cooked , chopped , sliced , mixed , brewed , frozen , squeezed or otherwise prepared
for consumption. For the purposes of this ordinance
, "
prepared food" does not
include raw, butchered meats , fish and/or poultry sold from a . butcher case or
similar retail appliance. Prepared food may be eaten either on or off the premises
also known as "takeout food.
Restaurant", for the purposes of this Article , means any establishment
located within the City of Alameda that sells prepared food for consumption on
near , or .off its premises by.customer. "Restaurant " for purposes of this Article
includes itinerant restaurants , pushcarts and vehicular food vendors.
Retail food vendor" means any store , shop, sales outlet , or other
establishment , including a grocery store or a delicatessen , other than a restaurant
located within the City of Alameda that sells prepared food.
Prohibited food service ware
a. Food vendors are prohibited from providing prepared food to
customers in disposable food service ware that uses polystyrene foam.
b. All City facilities are prohibited from using polystyrene foam
disposable food service ware and all city departments and agencies will not
purchase or acquire polystyrene foam disposable food service ware for use at city
facilities.
c. Except as provided in Section 4-6 of this Article, agents
contractors and vendors doing business with the city shal 1 be prohibited from using
polystyrene foam disposable food service ware in City facilities or on Cityprojects
within ,the City of Alameda.
5 Required biodegradable and compostable disposable food service
ware
a. All food vendors using any disposable food service ware will use
biodegradable or compostable disposable food service ware unless they can show
an affordable biodegradable or compostable product is not available for a specific
application. Food vendors are strongly encouraged to provide reusable food
service ware in place of disposable food service ware. In instances where food
vendors decide to use a biodegradable or compostable disposable food service
ware product that is not affordable , a food vendor may charge a "take out fee " to
customers to cover the cost difference.
b. All City facilities will use biodegradable or compostable disposable
food service ware unless they can show an affordable biodegradable or
compostable product is not available for a specific application.
c. City contractors and vendors doing business with the City will use
biodegradable food service ware in City facilities or on City projects within the City
of Alameda , unless they can show an affordable biodegradable or compostable
product is not available for a specific application.
6 Exemptions
a. Prepared foods packaged outside the City of Alameda are exempt
from the provisions of. this Article. Purveyors of food prepared or packaged
outside the City of Alameda are encouraged to follow the provisions of this Article.
b. Food vendors that are currently existing or are established in the City
by July 1 , 2008 , wil be exempted from the provisions of this Article prohibiting the
use of polystyrene foam food service ware if the City Manager or his/her designee
finds that an undue hardship exists. Exemptions may be granted for up to a one-
year period from the effective date of the Ordinance.
The phrase "undue hardship " shall be construed to include , but not be
limited to a food vendor demonstrating to the satisfaction of the City Manager or
his/her designee that there is significant diffculty or expense incurred by meeting
the prohibition which directly impacts the food vendor s ability to conduct business
or the food vendor has been deprived a legally protected right.
Significant difficulty will be established based on , but notnecessarily limited
, the food vendor documenting the list of suppliers contacted and explaining how
it has determined that no acceptable alternative is available. at a commercially
reasonable price , for reasons which are uniquely burdensome to the food vendor
and its type of operation(s) or the food being served.
Significant cost wil be established by, but not necessarily limited to
demonstrating that the acceptable alternative. food Ware is not available at a
commercially reasonable price and the additional cost associated with providing
the acceptable alternative food ware is uniquely burdensome to the food vendor
based on the type of operation(s) affected , thebverallsize of the business , the
number , type and location of its facilities and the impact on the overall financial
resources of the food vendor. It shall also consider the ability to recover the
additional costs through existing expenses and resources , the availability of tax
credits and deductions , and/or outside funding.
c. Polystyrene foam coolers and ice chests that are intended for reuse
are exempt from the provision of this Article.
d. Disposable food service ware composed entirely of aluminum is
exempt from the provisions of this Article.
e. Emergency supply and services procurement: In a situation deemed
by the City Manager to be an emergency for the immediate preservation of the
public peace , health or safety, City facilities , food vendors , agents , contractors
and vendors doing business with the city shall be exempt from the provisions of
this Article.
liabilty and enforcement
a. The Public Works Director or his/her designee will have primary
responsibiliy for enforcement of this Article. The Public Works Director or his/her
designee is authorized to promulgate regulations and to take any and all. other
actions reasonable and necessary to enforce this Article , including, but not limited
to, entering the premises of any food vendor during regular business hours to
verify compliance.
b. Anyone.violating or failing to comply with any of the requirements of
this Article wil be subject to an administrative citation pursuant to Section 1.7 et
seq. of the Alameda Municipal Code.
c. The City Attorney may seek legal , injunctive , or other equitablerelief
to enforce this Article.
Violations - Penalties
a. Enforcement of the provisions of this Article shall be pursuant to the
provisions adopted for the imposition of administrative citations and the hearing
procedures related to those citations adopted under Section 1-7 et seq. of the
Alameda Municipal Code.
Section 2.Section 1-6 (AUTHORIZATION OF CODE ENFORCEMENT
OFFICERS; LIMITATIONS) of Chapter 1 (GENERAL) of the Alameda Municipal
Code.is am.ended .to add new categories .of employees empowered to issue
citations , which shall read as follows:
Authorization of Code Enforcement Officers; limitations
a. The following classification of City employees and agents shall have
the authority under Penal Code Section 836.5 to issue citations for violations of the
Alameda Municipal Code:i r
10.
11.
Fire/Building Code Compliance Officer;
Planning and Building Director;
Public Works Director;
Public Works Maintenance Superintendent;
City Engineer;
Building Official;
Combination Building Inspector;
Supervising Building Inspector;
Environmental Services Manager;
Environmental Services Program Specialist I and II.
Any other position designated by the City Manager
Section 3 If any section,.subsection , sentence , clause or phrase
of this ordinance is , for any reason , held invalid or unconstitutional , such decision
shall not affect the validity or constitutionality of the remaining portions of this
ordinance. The City Council of the City of Alameda hereby declares that it would
have passed this ordinance , and each section , subsection , sentence , clause or
phrase hereof , irrespective of the fact that anyone or more sections , subsections
sentences , clauses or phrases be declared unconstitutional.
Section 4.All former ordinances or parts thereof conflicting or
inconsistent with the provisions of this ordinance hereby adopted , to the extent of
such conflct only, are hereby repealed.
Section 5 The City hereby finds and determines that . this
Ordinance is not subject. to the requirements of the California Environmental
Quality Act (CEQA). Specifically, the basis for the exemptions include , without
limitation , the following (each providing a separate and independent basis and
when viewed collectively providing an overall basis for an exemption): (1) CEQA
Guidelines section 15061 (b)(3); (2) CEQA Guidelines section 15378(a); (3) CEQA
Guidelines section15378(b)(2); (4) CEQA Guidelines section 15308; and (5) CEQA
Guidelines section 15307.
Section 6.The City Clerk of the City of Alameda is hereby directed
to cause this ordinance to be published in the Official Newspaper of the City of
Alameda.
Section 7.This ordinance and the rules , regulations , provisions
requirements , orders and matters established and adopted hereby shall take effect
and be in full force and effect on July
Attest:
Lara Weisiger , City CI
City of Alameda
******
, the undersigned, hereby certify that the foregoing Ordinance was duly and
regularly adopted and passed by the Council of the City of Alameda in a regular
meeting assembled on the 2 day of January, 2008 by the following vote to wit:
AYES:Council members deHaan, Gilmore, Matarrese, Tam and
Mayor Johnson - 5.
NOES:None.
ABSENT:None.
ABSTENTIONS:None.
IN WITNESS , WHEREOF , I have hereunto set my hand and .affixed the official seal of
said City this 3 day of January, 2008.